After the destruction caused by the Ottoman campaigns, loyalty to the House of Saud remained strong among the people of the Arabian Peninsula. In 1240 AH (1824 AD), Imam Turki bin Abdullah established the Second Saudi State, with Riyadh as its capital. The state followed the same approach as its predecessor in spreading security, stability, and applying Islamic law. It flourished in the fields of sciences and literature while maintaining advanced administrative systems. However, the Second Saudi State ended in 1309 AH (1891 AD) due to internal conflicts, and the forces of Muhammad bin Rashid managed to seize control of Riyadh.